Geochemistry, Pollution Analysis and Management of Groundwater in Karaj plain, Iran

Geochemistry, Pollution Analysis and Management of Groundwater in Karaj sector, Iran substructureAll living things depend perfectly on a sum of fresh water and in term of human necessities water supply is considered just block to of trade next merely to air. Water is utilize for many intents to wit , domestic, agribusiness, industry and new(prenominal) multi assort demands. However, many people around the creative activity are inveterate short of piss even for personal demands. on that point are several grounds for dearth of weewee and most of substance among them is increa let the cat out of the bag world. Increasing population and altering universe, demand increased demands of exploitive and non-consumptive body of water. whence, it is true that fresh H2O is inborn for human endurance and is an indispensable demand for sustainable development. Worldwide agribusiness histories for 69 % the lions portion of H2O usage and agricultural demand is turning as popul ation continues to increase. Major portion of this demand is met with shore up H2O resources and therefrom land H2O tabular array is gone down alarmingly and status is unstable. In add-on, H2O feel is merely every good turn of import as measure. The H2O in many topographic points is grime and H2O born diseases continue to be scourages of human sort. Management of H2O resources particularly groundwater is re eachy complex in position of the viing demands for use. The heap demands living assessment of current and awaited demands for H2O by assorted H2O utilizations. It is hence of import that latest modern techniques of survey and rating of H2O resources by following the modern methodological analysiss homogeneous Arc GIS SPSS, Rock deform, Rockware and etc, packages. demand and range of the present surveyMeasuring the measure and quality of H2O resources is the of import facet in H2O resources planning and direction. Unfortunately overmuch of the worlds population specially in state like Iran lacks a suited and safe H2O supply and many a clip supplies are disrupted. With turning population these types ofProblems are traveling more common in close hereafter. Hence interdisciplinary surveies are require with mention to the research job in undertaking the bing jobs expeditiously and get down the better of.The present survey purposes to measure land H2O resources and its quality since pantie surface H2O resources useable in Karaj field, Iran and analysing its tendency, both in infinite and clip. An effort is made to understand the nature of the job in footings of land H2O related issues and to come bug out with an appropriate upshot on a scientific footing. The attack towards the job pass on be multidisciplinary as it includes, geological, hydrological, hydrogeochemical and environmental conditions of the country.Karaj Plain is one of the huge upland field of Iran, with an mean one-year rainfall of 260mm and entire one-year infiltration of groundwate r is estimated to be 56 million three-dimensional metres. The demand of fresh H2O for assorted multi-user like anthropogenetic demands, agribusiness pattern and industrial demand is about 61.5 trillion three-dimensional metres. At present, there is a deficit of 5.5 billion three-dimensional metres in a twelvemonth and this may be far agrivated due to increase of population and resulted more demand in close hereafter. Decrease in volume of groundwater reservoirs entrust besides accordingly do the decrease of the quality of groundwater. Apart from this the land H2O of the country is disadvantageously polluting from inflow of pollutant waste H2O of industrial workss and human waste wastewaters in Karaj metropolis. Further Increasing development of industry, agricultural pattern and inordinate population growing in the part consequences more of taint of groundwater in the part. Therefore measuring the measure and quality of groundwater resources and its judicial use is the of import facets in H2O resources planning and direction of the survey country.Reappraisal of literatureThe campaigner has looked into the above discussed jobs in the chosen country and noticed that non much work has through with(p). There are merely meager studies in the literature. The quality of groundwater in Karaj Plain since the last 10 old ages has been investigated and tested by capital of Iran Regional companion and the concentration of cations, anions, coarseness etc. , are examine. Recently, defer Geological Organization has analysed, dirt and surface and land H2O resources in and around Tehran metropolis. There is a study on discover of concentration of heavy metallic element elements in groundwater resources of Garmabdasht in Gorgan, by Sahar Armanpour et Al 2007. There are besides studies on Geochemical procedures are responsible for the spatial-temporal fluctuations in groundwater chemical science in the western portion of Iran ( Fazel Tavassol, Sajjad et Al. 2008 and Faze l Tavassol, Sajjad 2009 ) . Hence an in deepness survey of qualitative and quantitative analysis and direction of land H2O resources in Karaj field is much needed.Geographic place of the canvas partone of the great(p)gest metropolis of Alborz Province is Karaj metropolis. The survey country, Karaj field is dictated in Northwest of Tehran, Iran, lies between latitudes 3450? to 3530? N and longitudes 4712? , to 4810? E masking piece an country of 811 sq kilometer. Its northern side is situated in the northern Highlandss of Karaj, the easterly side is Kan River, the western side is Hashrgerd Plain and the southern side is mallard and Saleh Abad. The mean tallness of the part is 1500 m above MSL.The most of import metropolis located in this Alborz Province is Karaj, which is metropolis including some declamatory and little metropoliss with populations of more than 1728000 individuals and an country of 162 sq kilometer. There are more than 3000 big and little graduated table chemica l, automotive and nutrient industries in the part. airfield of farming areas is estimated to be about 17000 hectares.IranPersiaLocation of the survey country letThe undermentioned aims are formulated for chosen survey country cognomen of different hydrogeomorphical conditions and lineament analysis of the survey country.Appraisal of groundwater quality and hydrogeomorphical mold.Evaluation the H2O resourses by environmental impaction appraisal ( EIA )Conservation and direction of groundwater in the survey country.Materials and methods use in theChosencountry of researchThe undermentioned methods are to be adopted in the present probes and analysisGeological map of the survey country ordain be complied utilizing bing regional geological map, satelite imaginations and GIS packages.Analysis and spatial distribution theamatic maps of rainfall will be constructed utilizing meteoric informations and GIS packagesMorphometric analysis and hydrogeomophic zones of the Karaj field will be d one utilizing SOI toposheets, Satelite Imageries and GIS. ( Arc GIS10, Global Mapper 14, PCI.Geomatica.2012.SP1 )35 groundwater samples will be collected in a grid form from the survey country for premansoon and postmansoon seasons by following inter study criterion techniques. Physico-chemical features of land H2O samples will be carried out utilizing modern and sophisticated analytical instruments like Flame Photometer, Atomic denseness Spectrophotometry, UV-Vissible Spectrophotometer and Titrimetry method.Analysis of the quality of groundwater resources will be made in understanding the rock- H2O interaction, distribution of major and minor elements and impact of pollutants in H2O resources utilizing available criterion package and diagrams.Environmental Impact valuatement of the survey country will be carried out ( Arc GIS10, PCI.Geomatica.2012.SP1, SPSS ) . The advantage of this technique is that it takes into history of all the facets of the environment i.e. ecology, physica l/chemical facets and human/social involvement etc, .By sing all the above facets and parametric quantities, hydrogeochemical theoretical account will be proposed ( Arc GIS10 ) . This theoretical account will be much assistive for preservation and better direction and use of the groundwater resources.Result of the research probeAssess the impact of over development of land H2O and pollution impact on aquifer system and land H2O quality.Suggest remedial steps to denigrate the land H2O backdown by following progresss irrigation techniques.Management of H2O resources and used as a theoretical account to follow in other similar countries.MentionsArmanpour, Sahar- Karami, G- Yakhkoshi, E ( 2007 ) , Study of concentration of heavy and chief metal elements in groundwater resources of Garmabdasht in Gorgan, the first environmental and medical geological conference.Fazel Tavassol, Sajjad Manshuori, M, 2008, survey on grounds and jobs of aquifer overdraft in Asad Abad Plain in Hamedan, the 4th national conference of geology and environment in Eslamshahr ( in Persian ) .Fazel Tavassol, Sajjad ( 2009 ) , maestro s class thesis, Study of Chahardoly Aquifer Gaseous Reasons and its Environmental impacts, Tehran Azad University, Sciences and Research Branch, P81 to 83 ( in Persian ) .Water Resources Studies Unit of Tehran Regional Water Company ( 2005 ) , study on suggestion for extension of the prohibition in the studied part of Tehran-Karaj.